Cool Pack Management to Reduce Pain Levels During Infusion Installation in Typhoid Pediatric Patients in the Emergency Room

Abstract

Background: Typhoid fever is an acute infectious disease that attacks the digestive tract and is caused by
Salmonella typhi bacteria with symptoms of increased body temperature. Hyperthermia will also increase the
risk of fluid volume deficiency (dehydration). One action to overcome this is by inserting fluids through an IV.
However, nurses must respect the child's concerns about pain reactions. Therefore, efforts are needed to reduce
pain due to the procedure provided by installing a Cool Pack. The Cool Pack, which is previously placed on
the hand where the infusion will be installed, is able to reduce the level of pain because this therapy produces
an analgesic effect by slowing down the speed at which pain impulses reach the brain. Objective: Management of Cool Pack
in two patients to reduce the level of pain during infusion in pediatric typhoid patients in the Emergency Room of
Muhammadiyah Hospital Palembang. Method: This method uses observation, interviews and assessment instruments with
primary and secondary data collection techniques for 2 days from 06 May 2023 to 07 May 2023. Results: After administering
the Cool Pack, the results obtained were that there was an effect from giving Cool Pack before installing the infusion.
The first patient had a pain scale result: 5, and the second patient had a pain scale result: 5. Conclusion: Cool Pack
management was good for reducing the level of pain during infusion in both patients. Suggestion: Cool Pack management
is expected to be one of the treatment interventions to reduce the level of pain during infusion and not only in pediatric
typhoid patients, but also in other pediatric patients who will undergo infusion.
Keywords: Typhoid, Hyperthermia, Dehydration, Cool Pack, Infusion, Pain